Top  >  Literary Structures of the Bible  >  First Epistle of John  >  Pericope

Literary structure (chiasm, chiasmus) of First Epistle of John

Chiastic Structure and Concentric Structure and Parallel of each pericope

[1]The word of life  (1 John 1:1-4)
 
  A(1:1)  To hear, to see
    B(1:2)    testify to it and proclaim to you (1:2)
  A'(1:3)  To hear, to see
    B'(1:4)    1:4 We are writing this (1:4)
 
   A: To hear, to see. B: To proclaim.

[2]God is light  (1 John 1:5-2:6)
 
  A(1:5-10)  1:6 If we say, "We have fellowship with him," while we continue to walk in darkness, we lie and do not act in truth. (1:6)
    B(2:1-2)    2:1 My children, I am writing this to you so that you may not commit sin (2:1)
  A'(2:3-6)  2:4 Whoever says, "I know him," but does not keep his commandments is a liar, and the truth is not in him (2:4)
 
   A: The truth is not in him. B: The reason to write.

[3]A new commandment  (1 John 2:7-17)
 
  A(2:7-8)  2:7 Beloved, I am writing no new commandment to you but an old commandment that you had from the beginning. The old commandment is the word that you have heard.(2:7)"   (γράφω)
    B(2:9-11)    2:10 Whoever loves his brother remains in the light, and there is nothing in him to cause a fall. (2:10)"   (ἀγαπῶν)
  A'(2:12-14)  2:12 I am writing to you, children, because your sins have been forgiven for his name's sake. (2:12)"   (γράφω)
    B'(2:15-17)    2:15 Do not love the world or the things of the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him.(2:15)"   (ἀγαπᾶτε)
 
   A: To write. B: Love.

[4]Warning against Antichrists  (1 John 2:18-3:12)
 
  A(2:18-19)  2:18 so now many antichrists have appeared. (2:18)
    B(2:20-21)    2:21 every lie is alien to the truth (2:21)
      C(2:22-23)      2:22 Whoever denies the Father and the Son, this is the antichrist.(2:22)
        D(2:24-29)        2:27 remain in him (2:27)
      C'(3:1-2)      3:1 The reason the world does not know us is that it did not know him (3:1)
    B'(3:3-6)    3:6 No one who remains in him sins (3:6)
  A'(3:7-12)  3:7 Children, let no one deceive you (3:7)
 
   A: The antichrist. B: Good and evil. C: Ignorance. D: Remain in him.

[5]Love one another  (1 John 3:13-24)
 
  A(3:13-15)  To love our brothers
    B(3:16-20)    To lay down our lives
  A'(3:21-24)  To love our brothers
 
   A: To love one another. B: To lay down our lives.

[6]Testing the Spirits  (1 John 4:1-6)
 
  A(4:1-2)  4:2 This is how you can know the Spirit of God (4:2)   (γινώσκετε τὸ πνεῦμα)
    B(4:3)    4:3 This is the spirit of the antichrist that, as you heard, is to come, but in fact is already in the world.(4:3)"   (κόσμῳ)
      C(4:4)      4:4 You belong to God, children, and you have conquered them (4:4)
    B'(4:5)    4:5 their teaching belongs to the world, and the world listens to them (4:5)"   (κόσμου)
  A'(4:6)  4:6 This is how we know the spirit of truth and the spirit of deceit. (4:6)   (γινώσκομεν τὸ πνεῦμα)
 
   A: To discern spirits. B: Opponents and the world. C: Victory against evils.

[7]God is love  (1 John 4:7-5:5)
 
  A(4:7-8)  4:8 Whoever is without love does not know God, for God is love. (4:8)
    B(4:9)    4:9 God sent his only Son into the world so that we might have life through him. (4:9)
      C(4:10-11)      4:10 In this is love: not that we have loved God, but that he loved us (4:10)
        D(4:12-13)        4:12 Yet, if we love one another, God remains in us, and his love is brought to perfection in us. (4:12)
        D'(4:14-16)        4:16 God is love, and whoever remains in love remains in God and God in him. (4:16)
      C'(4:17-21)      4:19 We love because he first loved us. (4:19)
    B'(5:1)    5:1 Everyone who believes that Jesus is the Christ is begotten by God (5:1)
  A'(5:2-5)  5:3 For the love of God is this, that we keep his commandments (5:3)
 
   A: To love God. B: God gives life. C: God loves us. D: To remain in God.

[8]Testimony of God  (1 John 5:6-12)
 
  A(5:6-8)  5:6 This is the one who came through water and blood, Jesus Christ (5:6)
    B(5:9)    The testimony of God
    B'(5:10)    The testimony of God
  A'(5:11-12)  5:11 this life is in his Son (5:11)
 
   A: Christ. B: The testimony of God.

[9]Epilogue  (1 John 5:13-21)
 
  A(5:13-15)  5:13 you may know that you have eternal life (5:13)
    B(5:16-17)    Forgiveness of sin
  A'(5:18-21)  5:20 He is the true God and eternal life (5:20)
 
   A: Eternal life. B: Forgiveness of sin.


Citations of the Bible are from New American Bible, New Revised Standard Version and New Jerusalem Bible.

Creative Commons License
Literary Structure of the Bible by Hajime Murai is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Caution: The copyright of the cited Bible verses belongs to each translator and publisher.

Comments