Top  >  Literary Structures of the Bible  >  Book of Hosea  >  Pericope

Literary structure (chiasm, chiasmus) of Book of Hosea

Chiastic Structure and Concentric Structure and Parallel of each pericope

[1]The family of Hosea  (Hos 1:1-9)
 
P(1:1-3a)1:2 Go, take a harlot wife and harlot's children (1:2)
  A(1:3b-7)  1:4 Give him the name Jezreel (1:4)
    B(1:8-9)    1:9 Give him the name Lo-ammi (1:9)
    B'(2:1)    2:1 Whereas they were called, "Lo-ammi," They shall be called, "Children of the living God." (2:1)
  A'(2:2-3)  2:2 They shall appoint for themselves one head and come up from other lands, for great shall be the day of Jezreel (2:2)
 
   A: Jezreel. B: Lo-ammi.

[2]Betrayal of Israel  (Hos 2:3-15)
 
  A(2:4-6)  2:4 Protest against your mother, protest! (2:4)
    B(2:7)    2:7 I will go after my lovers (2:7)
      C(2:8)      2:8 she cannot find her paths(2:8)
    B'(2:9-10)    2:9 I will go back to my first husband (2:9)
  A'(2:11-15)  2:15 I will punish her (2:15)
 
   A: Punishments. B: Words of her. C: She cannot find her paths.

[3]Salvation of Israel  (Hos 2:16-25)
 
  A(2:16-17)  2:17 She shall respond there as in the days of her youth(2:17)
    B(2:18-19)    2:18 On that day, says the LORD, She shall call me "My husband," and never again "My baal."(2:18)
  A'(2:20-22)  2:22 I will espouse you in fidelity (2:22)
    B'(2:23-25)    2:25 I will sow him for myself in the land, and I will have pity on Lo-ruhama. I will say to Lo-ammi, "You are my people," (2:25)
 
   A: Reconciliation. B: Renamed.

[4]Further assurance of God's redeeming love  (Hos 3:1-5)
 
  A(3:1)  The words of the LORD
    B(3:2)    3:2 So I bought her (3:2)
  A'(3:3)  Words of Hosea
    B'(3:4-5)    3:5 Then the people of Israel shall turn back and seek the LORD, their God, and David, their king (3:5)
 
   A: Words. B: Reconciliation.

[5]The idolatry of Israel  (Hos 4:1-5:7)
 
  A(4:1-8)  
"Hear the word of the LORD, O people of Israel(4:1)"   
(שׁמעו)
    B(4:9-14)    
4:10 they shall play the harlot but not increase (4:10)   
(הזנו)
      C(4:15)      let not Judah become guilty(4:15)
    B'(4:16-19)    
they give themselves to harlotry(4:18)   
(הזנה)
  A'(5:1-7)  
"Hear this, O priests, Pay attention, O house of Israel(5:1)"   
(שׁמעו)
 
   A: To listen. B: Harlotry. C: Let not Judah become guilty.

[6]Sin and punishment of war  (Hos 5:8-6:11)
 
  A(5:8-11)  
"5:11 Ephraim is oppressed, crushed in judgment (5:11)"   
(משׁפט)
    B(5:12-14)    5:13 Ephraim went to Assyria, and sent to the great king (5:13)
      C(5:15-6:3)      
"6:1 Come, let us return to the LORD (6:1)"   
(ונשׁובה)
  A'(6:4-6)  
6:5 my judgment goes forth as the light (6:5)   
(ומשׁפטיך)
    B'(6:7-10)    6:7 at Adam they transgressed the covenant; there they dealt faithlessly with me (6:7)
      C'(6:11)      
6:11 I would restore the fortunes of my people (6:11)   
(בשׁובי)
 
   A: Judgement. B: Betrayal. C: To return.

[7]Futile reliance on the nations  (Hos 7:1-12)
 
  A(7:1-2)  7:1 when I would heal Israel, The guilt of Ephraim stands out, the wickedness of Samaria; (7:1)
    B(7:3-9)    Parable of the ovens
  A'(7:10-12)  7:10 The arrogance of Israel bears witness against him; (7:10)
 
   A: Sins of Israel. B: Parable of the ovens.

[8]Israel's apostasy  (Hos 7:13-8:14)
 
  A(7:13-16)  7:16 they shall be mocked in the land of Egypt (7:16)
    B(8:1-3)    8:3 The men of Israel have thrown away what is good; the enemy shall pursue them. (8:3)
      C(8:4-6)      8:5 Cast away your calf, O Samaria (8:5)
    B'(8:7-10)    8:9 They went up to Assyria Ephraim bargained for lovers. (8:9)
  A'(8:11-14)  8:13 they shall return to Egypt (8:13)
 
   A: Egypt. B: Betrayal. C: Idol.

[9]Sin at Baal-peor and Gilgal  (Hos 9:1-17)
 
  A(9:1-5)  9:3 They shall not dwell in the LORD'S land; Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and in Assyria they shall eat unclean food. (9:3)
    B(9:6-9)    9:6 When they go from the ruins, Egypt shall gather them in, Memphis shall bury them. Weeds shall overgrow their silver treasures, and thorns invade their tents. (9:6)
      C(9:10)      9:10 Like grapes in the desert, I found Israel; (9:10)
    B'(9:11-13)    9:11 The glory of Ephraim flies away like a bird: no birth, no carrying in the womb, no conception. Were they to bear children, I would slay the darlings of their womb. (9:11)
  A'(9:14-17)  9:17 My God will disown them (9:17)
 
   A: Rejection by the LORD. B: Destruction of Ephraim. C: I found Israel.

[10]Israel's sin and captivity  (Hos 10:1-15)
 
  A(10:1-4)  10:1 The more abundant his fruit, the more altars he built(10:1)
    B(10:5-8)    10:5 The inhabitants of Samaria fear for the calf of Beth-aven(10:5)
      C(10:9-10)      10:9 you have sinned (10:9)
    B'(10:11-12)    10:11 Ephraim was a trained heifer(10:11)
  A'(10:13-15)  10:13eaten the fruit of falsehood (10:13)
 
   A: Fruits. B: Heifer. C: Sins

[11]God's compassion despite Israel's ingratitude  (Hos 11:1-11)
 
  A(11:1-4)  11:1 When Israel was a child I loved him, out of Egypt I called my son.(11:1)
    B(11:5-7)    11:5 He shall return to the land of Egypt, and Assyria shall be his king; (11:5)
  A'(11:8-9)  11:8 My heart is overwhelmed, my pity is stirred.(11:8)
    B'(11:10-11)    11:11 Out of Egypt they shall come trembling, like sparrows, from the land of Assyria, like doves (11:11)
 
   A: Love of the LORD. B: Egypt and Assyria.

[12]The history of rebellion  (Hos 12:1-14:1)
 
  A(12:1-2)  
"12:2 Ephraim chases the east wind, ever pursuing the gale (12:2)"   
(קדים)
    B(12:3-9)    12:4 In the womb he supplanted his brother, and as a man he contended with God; (12:4)
      C(12:10-11)      
"12:10 I am the LORD, your God, since the land of Egypt (12:10)"   
(אלהיךמארץמצרים)
        D(12:12-14)        12:12 in Gilgal they sacrifice to bullocks (12:12)
          E(12:15)          12:15 Ephraim has exasperated his lord (12:15)
        D'(13:1-3)        13:1 he sinned through Baal and died. (13:1)
      C'(13:4-6)      
"13:4 I am the LORD, your God, since the land of Egypt (13:4)"   
(אלהיךמארץמצרים)
    B'(13:7-11)    13:9 Your destruction, O Israel! who is there to help you? (13:9)
  A'(13:12-14:1)  
"13:15 Though he be fruitful among his fellows, an east wind shall come (13:15)"   
(קדים)
 
   A: An east wind. B: Betrayal. C: I am the LORD, your God, since the land of Egypt. D: Idolatry. E: The wrath of the LORD.

[13]Assurance of forgiveness  (Hos 14:2-10)
 
  A(14:2-4)  14:2 Return, O Israel, to the LORD, your God (14:2)
    B(14:5-8)    14:5 I will love them freely (14:5)
  A'(14:9-10)  14:9 Ephraim! What more has he to do with idols? (14:9)
 
   A: Calling for conversion. B: Love of the LORD.


Citations of the Bible are from New American Bible, New Revised Standard Version and New Jerusalem Bible.

Creative Commons License
Literary Structure of the Bible by Hajime Murai is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Caution: The copyright of the cited Bible verses belongs to each translator and publisher.

Comments