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Literary structure (chiasmus, chiasm) of Gospel of John

Chiasmus and Concentric Structure of whole text

The center of the text is "Jesus raises Lazarus to life" (no. 41, John 11:38-44). No. 41 includes phrases related to death and resurrection. This structure would indicate that John is the Gospel which focuses on death and resurrection.


1-1

1 The word became flesh (1:1-18)
  2 The testimony of John the Baptist (1:19-28)
    3 The lamb of God (1:29-34)
      4 The first disciple of Jesus (1:35-42)
        5 Jesus calls Philip and Nathanael (1:43-51)
          6 The wedding at Cana (2:1-12)
            7 Jesus cleanses the temple (2:13-25)
              8 Nicodemus visits Jesus (3:1-21)
                9 John the Baptist's Final Witness (3:22-36)
                  10 Jesus and the Woman of Samaria (4:1-26)
                    11 One sows and another reaps (4:27-38)
                      12 Faith of Samaria (4:39-42)
                        13 Jesus returns to Galilee (4:43-45)
                          14 Healing the Official's Son (4:46-54)
                            15 Jesus heals on the Sabbath (5:1-18)
                              16 The authority of the son (5:19-30)
                                17 Witnesses to Jesus (5:31-47)
                                  18 Feeding the five thousand (6:1-15)
                                    19 Jesus walks on the water (6:16-21)
                                      20 The bread from heaven (6:22-59)
                                        21 The words of eternal life (6:60-71)
                                          22 The unbelief of Jesus' brothers (7:1-9)
                                            23 Jesus at the festival of booths (7:10-24)
                                              24 Is this the Christ (7:25-36)
                                                25 River of living water (7:37-44)
                                                  26 The unbelief of those in authority (7:45-53)
                                                    27 The woman caught in adultery (8:1-11)
                                                      28 Jesus the light of the world (8:12-20)
                                                        29 Jesus foretells his death (8:21-30)
                                                          30 Before Abraham was born, I am (8:31-59)
                                                            31 A man born blind receives sight (9:1-12)
                                                              32 The Pharisees investigate the healing (9:13-34)
                                                                33 Spiritual blindness (9:35-41)
                                                                  34 The sheep, the Shepherd, and sheep robbers (10:1-6)
                                                                    35 Jesus' application of the parables (10:7-21)
                                                                      36 Jesus is rejected by the Jews (10:22-39)
                                                                        37 Across the Jordan (10:40-42)
                                                                          38 The death of Lazarus (11:1-16)
                                                                            39 Dialogs with Martha (11:17-27)
                                                                              40 Dialogs with Mary (11:28-37)
                                                                                41 Jesus raises Lazarus to life (11:38-44)
                                                                              42 The plot to kill Jesus (11:45-57)
                                                                            43 Mary anoints Jesus (12:1-8)
                                                                          44 The plot to kill Lazarus (12:9-11)
                                                                        45 Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem (12:12-19)
                                                                      46 Some Greeks wish to see Jesus (12:20-26)
                                                                    47 Jesus speaks about his death (12:27-36a)
                                                                  48 The unbelief of the people (12:36b-41)
                                                                49 The judgement by word of Jesus (12:42-50)
                                                              50 Jesus washes the disciples' feet (13:1-20)
                                                            51 Jesus foretells his betrayal (13:21-30)
                                                          52 The new commandment (13:31-35)
                                                        53 Jesus foretells Peter's denial (13:36-38)
                                                      54 Jesus the way to the father (14:1-14)
                                                    55 The promise of the holy spirit (14:15-24)
                                                  56 Do not let your hearts be troubled (14:25-31)
                                                57 Jesus the true vine (15:1-10)
                                              58 love one another (15:11-17)
                                            59 The world's hatred (15:18-16:4a)
                                          60 The work of the Spirit (16:4b-15)
                                        61 Sorrow will turn into joy (16:16-33)
                                      62 Jesus prays for his disciples (17:1-26)
                                    63 The betrayal and arrest of Jesus (18:1-14)
                                  64 Denial of Peter (18:15-18)
                                65 The Jewish Trial and Peter's Denial (18:19-24)
                              66 Denial of Peter again (18:25-27)
                            67 Jesus before Pilate (18:28-38b)
                          68 Jesus sentenced to death (18:38c-19:16a)
                        69 The crucifixion of Jesus (19:16b-22)
                      70 People with crucified Jesus (19:23-27)
                    71 The death of Jesus (19:28-30)
                  72 Jesus' side is pierced (19:31-37)
                73 The burial of Jesus (19:38-42)
              74 The resurrection of Jesus (20:1-10)
            75 Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene (20:11-18)
          76 Jesus appears to the disciple (20:19-23)
        77 Jesus and Thomas (20:24-29)
      78 The purpose of this book (20:30-31)
    79 Jesus appears to seven disciples (21:1-14)
  80 Jesus and Peter (21:15-19)
81 Jesus and the beloved disciple (21:20-25)
Former halfRelationLatter half
1 The word became flesh (1:1-18)
1:6 A man named John was sent from God. 1:7 He came for testimony,
Testimony of John ( the Baptist / apostle)81 Jesus and the beloved disciple (21:20-25)
21:24 It is this disciple who testifies to these things and has written them,
2 The testimony of John the Baptist (1:19-28)
1:23"I am 'the voice of one crying out in the desert,
Provided role80 Jesus and Peter (21:15-19)
21:15"Feed my lambs."
2 The testimony of John the Baptist (1:19-28)
1:27 the one who is coming after me, whose sandal strap I am not worthy to untie."
Strings of cloth80 Jesus and Peter (21:15-19)
21:18but when you grow old, you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will dress you and lead you where you do not want to go."
3 The lamb of God (1:29-34)
1:33 I did not know him, but the one who sent me to baptize with water told me, 'On whomever you see the Spirit come down and remain, he is the one who will baptize with the holy Spirit.' 1:34 Now I have seen and testified that he is the Son of God."
Understanding the Lord by hearing a word79 Jesus appears to seven disciples (21:1-14)
21:7 So the disciple whom Jesus loved said to Peter, "It is the Lord." When Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he tucked in his garment, for he was lightly clad, and jumped into the sea.
4 The first disciple of Jesus (1:35-42)
1:41"We have found the Messiah"
Messiah78 The purpose of this book (20:30-31)
20:31that you may (come to) believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God,
5 Jesus calls Philip and Nathanael (1:43-51)
1:50"Do you believe because I told you that I saw you under the fig tree? You will see greater things than this."
Seeing and believing77 Jesus and Thomas (20:24-29)
20:29"Have you come to believe because you have seen me? Blessed are those who have not seen and have believed."
6 The wedding at Cana (2:1-12)
2:11and his disciples began to believe in him.
Disciples believe76 Jesus appears to the disciple (20:19-23)
20:20The disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord.
7 Jesus cleanses the temple (2:13-25)
2:19"Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up."
Resurrection75 Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene (20:11-18)
20:14 When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus there, but did not know it was Jesus.
7 Jesus cleanses the temple (2:13-25)
2:16and stop making my Father's house a marketplace."
Father's place75 Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene (20:11-18)
20:17for I have not yet ascended to the Father.
8 Nicodemus visits Jesus (3:1-21)
Amen, amen, I say to you, no one can see the kingdom of God without being born from above. (Joh 3:3 NAB)
Resurrection74 The resurrection of Jesus (20:1-10)
For they did not yet understand the scripture that he had to rise from the dead. (Joh 20:9 NAB)
9 John the Baptist's Final Witness (3:22-36)
Whoever does accept his testimony certifies that God is trustworthy. (Joh 3:33 NAB)
Jesus is accepted 73 The burial of Jesus (19:38-42)
They took the body of Jesus and bound it with burial cloths along with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom. (Joh 19:40 NAB)
10 Jesus and the Woman of Samaria (4:1-26)
4:14 but whoever drinks the water I shall give will never thirst; the water I shall give will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life. (4:14)
Water of Jesus72 Jesus' side is pierced (19:31-37)
19:34 but one soldier thrust his lance into his side, and immediately blood and water flowed out.(19:34)
11 One sows and another reaps (4:27-38)
4:34 My food is to do the will of the one who sent me and to finish his work. (4:34)
Fulfillment71 The death of Jesus (19:28-30)
19:28 After this, aware that everything was now finished, in order that the scripture might be fulfilled (19:28)
12 Faith of Samaria (4:39-42)
4:41 Many more began to believe in him because of his word, (4:41)
Listening and believing / Seeing and believing70 People with crucified Jesus (19:23-27)
19:27 Then he said to the disciple, "Behold, your mother." And from that hour the disciple took her into his home. (19:27)
13 Jesus returns to Galilee (4:43-45)
4:44 For Jesus himself testified that a prophet has no honor in his native place.(4:44)
Sufferings of the servant of the LORD69 The crucifixion of Jesus (19:16b-22)
19:17 and carrying the cross himself he went out to what is called the Place of the Skull, in Hebrew, Golgotha.(19:17)
14 Healing the Official's Son (4:46-54)
4:49 The royal official said to him, "Sir, come down before my child dies." (4:49)
Righteous pagan68 Jesus sentenced to death (18:38c-19:16a)
19:6 When the chief priests and the guards saw him they cried out, "Crucify him, crucify him!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him. I find no guilt in him." (19:6)
15 Jesus heals on the Sabbath (5:1-18)
5:18 For this reason the Jews tried all the more to kill him, because he not only broke the sabbath but he also called God his own father, making himself equal to God. (5:18)
The son of God67 Jesus before Pilate (18:28-38b)
18:36 Jesus answered, "My kingdom does not belong to this world. If my kingdom did belong to this world, my attendants (would) be fighting to keep me from being handed over to the Jews. But as it is, my kingdom is not here." (18:36)
16 The authority of the son (5:19-30)
5:27 And he gave him power to exercise judgment, because he is the Son of Man. (5:27)
Judgement by the son66 Denial of Peter again (18:25-27)
18:27 Again Peter denied it. And immediately the cock crowed. (18:27)
17 Witnesses to Jesus (5:31-47)
5:31 If I testify on my own behalf, my testimony cannot be verified. (5:31)
Testimony65 The Jewish Trial and Peter's Denial (18:19-24)
18:23 If I have spoken wrongly, testify to the wrong (18:23)
18 Feeding the five thousand (6:1-15)
6:6 He said this to test him, because he himself knew what he was going to do.(6:6)
Trial for disciples64 Denial of Peter (18:15-18)
18:17 Then the maid who was the gatekeeper said to Peter, "You are not one of this man's disciples, are you?" He said, "I am not." (18:17)
19 Jesus walks on the water (6:16-21)
6:20 But he said to them, "It is I. Do not be afraid."(6:20)
I am63 The betrayal and arrest of Jesus (18:1-14)
18:5 They answered him, "Jesus the Nazorean." He said to them, "I AM."(18:5)
20 The bread from heaven (6:22-59)
6:27 Do not work for food that perishes but for the food that endures for eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you. For on him the Father, God, has set his seal."(6:27)
To give eternal life62 Jesus prays for his disciples (17:1-26)
17:2 just as you gave him authority over all people, so that he may give eternal life to all you gave him.(17:2)
21 The words of eternal life (6:60-71)
6:62 What if you were to see the Son of Man ascending to where he was before? (6:62)
Ascension61 Sorrow will turn into joy (16:16-33)
16:17 So some of his disciples said to one another, "What does this mean that he is saying to us, 'A little while and you will not see me, and again a little while and you will see me,' and 'Because I am going to the Father'?" (16:17)
22 The unbelief of Jesus' brothers (7:1-9)
7:7 The world cannot hate you, but it hates me, because I testify to it that its works are evil. (7:7)
Evils of the world60 The work of the Spirit (16:4b-15)
16:8 And when he comes he will convict the world in regard to sin and righteousness and condemnation:(16:8)
23 Jesus at the festival of booths (7:10-24)
7:19 Why are you trying to kill me?" (7:19)
Martyrdom59 The world's hatred (15:18-16:4a)
16:2 They will expel you from the synagogues; in fact, the hour is coming when everyone who kills you will think he is offering worship to God.(16:2)
24 Is this the Christ (7:25-36)
7:28 You know me and also know where I am from. Yet I did not come on my own, but the one who sent me, whom you do not know, is true. (7:28)
People who don't know58 love one another (15:11-17)
15:15 I no longer call you slaves, because a slave does not know what his master is doing. (15:15)
25 River of living water (7:37-44)
7:42 Does not scripture say that the Messiah will be of Davids family and come from Bethlehem, the village where David lived?"
Connected and bearing a fruit57 Jesus the true vine (15:1-10)
15:4Just as a branch cannot bear fruit on its own unless it remains on the vine, so neither can you unless you remain in me.
26 The unbelief of those in authority (7:45-53)
7:51 "Does our law condemn a person before it first hears him and finds out what he is doing?"
To know what Jesus does56 Do not let your hearts be troubled (14:25-31)
14:31 but the world must know that I love the Father and that I do just as the Father has commanded me.
27 The woman caught in adultery (8:1-11)
8:5 Now in the law, Moses commanded us to stone such women.
Violating / observing Torah55 The promise of the holy spirit (14:15-24)
14:21 Whoever has my commandments and observes them is the one who loves me.
28 Jesus the light of the world (8:12-20)
8:12"I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life."
Jesus as life54 Jesus the way to the father (14:1-14)
14:6"I am the way and the truth and the life.
28 Jesus the light of the world (8:12-20)
8:19If you knew me, you would know my Father also."
To know the father is to know the son54 Jesus the way to the father (14:1-14)
14:7 If you know me, then you will also know my Father.
29 Jesus foretells his death (8:21-30)
8:21Where I am going you cannot come."
Where I am going you cannot come53 Jesus foretells Peter's denial (13:36-38)
13:36"Where I am going, you cannot follow me now, though you will follow later."
30 Before Abraham was born, I am (8:31-59)
8:31"If you remain in my word, you will truly be my disciples,
Condition to be disciple of Jesus52 The new commandment (13:31-35)
13:35 This is how all will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another."
31 A man born blind receives sight (9:1-12)
9:4 Night is coming when no one can work. (9:4)
The night comes51 Jesus foretells his betrayal (13:21-30)
13:30 And it was night. (13:30)
32 The Pharisees investigate the healing (9:13-34)
9:33 If this man were not from God, he would not be able to do anything.(9:33)
Coming from God50 Jesus washes the disciples' feet (13:1-20)
13:3 fully aware that the Father had put everything into his power and that he had come from God and was returning to God, (13:3)
33 Spiritual blindness (9:35-41)
9:36 Who is he, sir, that I may believe in him? (9:36)
People who believe in Jesus49 The judgement by word of Jesus (12:42-50)
12:46 I came into the world as light, so that everyone who believes in me might not remain in darkness. (12:46)
34 The sheep, the Shepherd, and sheep robbers (10:1-6)
10:6 Although Jesus used this figure of speech, they did not realize what he was trying to tell them.(10:6)
People who cannot understand48 The unbelief of the people (12:36b-41)
12:40 He blinded their eyes and hardened their heart, so that they might not see with their eyes and understand with their heart and be converted, and I would heal them. (12:40)
35 Jesus' application of the parables (10:7-21)
10:15 I will lay down my life for the sheep. (10:15)
Death of Jesus47 Jesus speaks about his death (12:27-36a)
12:33 He said this indicating the kind of death he would die. (12:33)
36 Jesus is rejected by the Jews (10:22-39)
10:31 The Jews again picked up rocks to stone him. (10:31)
The passion46 Some Greeks wish to see Jesus (12:20-26)
12:25 Whoever loves his life loses it, and whoever hates his life in this world will preserve it for eternal life.(12:25)
37 Across the Jordan (10:40-42)
10:42 And many there began to believe in him.(10:42)
Many people believe in Jesus45 Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem (12:12-19)
12:13 they took palm branches and went out to meet him, and cried out: "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, (even) the king of Israel."(12:13)
38 The death of Lazarus (11:1-16)
11:8 Rabbi, the Jews were just trying to stone you, and you want to go back there? (11:8)
The plot to kill Jesus44 The plot to kill Lazarus (12:9-11)
12:10 And the chief priests plotted to kill Lazarus too (12:10)
39 Dialogs with Martha (11:17-27)
11:17 When Jesus arrived, he found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb for four days. (11:17)
Burial43 Mary anoints Jesus (12:1-8)
12:7 Let her keep this for the day of my burial. (12:7)
40 Dialogs with Mary (11:28-37)
11:31 So when the Jews who were with her in the house comforting her saw Mary get up quickly and go out, they followed her, presuming that she was going to the tomb to weep there. (11:31)
Sighting by Jews42 The plot to kill Jesus (11:45-57)
11:45 Now many of the Jews who had come to Mary and seen what he had done began to believe in him. (11:45)

Citations of the Bible are from New American Bible, New Revised Standard Version and New Jerusalem Bible.

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Literary Structure of the Bible by Hajime Murai is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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